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Burlesque – Literary Terms
Burlesque:
In general, any kind of satiric imitation. Used more precisely,
the term burlesque usually refers to a theater piece, poem, or work of FICTION
that spoofs a literary or theatrical GENRE, often poking fun at customs,
institutions, and personages in the process. Geoffrey Chaucer's "Tale of
Sir Topaz” and Miguel de Cervantes' Don Quixote are burlesques of the CHIVALRIC
ROMANCE. John Gay's The Beggar's Opera spoofs eighteenth-century Italian opera.
One of the most famous burlesques is the rustics’ performance of the TRAGEDY of
“Pyramus and Thisbe" in William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream,
and another is Charles Dickens' takeoff on amateur productions of Shakespeare
in Nicholas Nickleby.
The most important characteristic of burlesque is the
discrepancy between its STYLE and its content. High burlesque presents trivial
content in an ironically lofty style, often as a MOCK EPIC. In Alexander Pope's
Rape of the Lock, for example, the stealing of a lock of a young woman's hair
is presented as an event of epic proportions and consequences. Low burlesque
treats serious content lightly or even grotesquely. “Springtime for
Hitler," the musical comedy being planned in Mel Brooks's film The
Producers is an example of low burlesque, also known, when it is GROTESQUE
enough, as a travesty.
PARODY differs from burlesque by being a satiric imitation of
an author's style or of the style of an individual work, rather than of a
genre. CARICATURE IS DESCRIPTION of CHARACTER that exaggerates traits of appearance
or personality for comic effect.
See CARICATURE, MOCK EPIC, PARODY, SATIRE.
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